Work through the list without notes. If you cannot do a statement, follow its link, then come back. Guide = study guide; Practice = practice questions.
Understanding
- I can explain why respiration and fermentation are found in all forms of life, and what respiration is for. (Guide: “Why cells respire”)
- I can define oxidation and reduction and explain the role of NAD⁺/NADH and FAD/FADH₂ as electron carriers. (Guide: “Oxidation, reduction and electron carriers”)
- I can state where glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the Krebs cycle and the ETC happen, with the main inputs and outputs of each. (Guide: Figure 1; Practice Q1)
- I can explain how electron transport builds a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, and say which side has the higher pH. (Guide: Figure 2; Practice Q3)
- I can explain how ATP synthase uses the proton gradient to make ATP, and why cristae increase ATP output. (Guide: “Stage 4”; Practice Q3)
- I can describe how prokaryotes carry out chemiosmosis across the plasma membrane, and how anaerobic prokaryotes use acceptors other than oxygen. (Guide: “Stage 4”; Practice Q5)
- I can explain how fermentation regenerates NAD⁺ so glycolysis continues without oxygen, and name its products. (Guide: “Fermentation”; Practice Q2)
Calculation and skills
- I can construct a correctly labelled graph of respiration data, choosing the graph type and showing variability. (Guide: Worked example 1; Practice Q4)
- I can calculate a rate of respiration per gram per hour from a graph or table. (Guide: Worked example 1)
- I can convert a pH difference into a ratio of H⁺ concentrations. (Practice Q5)
- I can compare the energy yield of aerobic respiration and fermentation using given model values. (Guide: Worked example 2; Practice Q7)
Reasoning
- I can predict, link by link, the effects of blocking the ETC, blocking ATP synthase or letting protons leak across the membrane. (Guide: Worked example 2; Practice Q3, Q6)
- I can explain how uncoupling in brown fat produces heat for an endotherm. (Guide: “Uncoupling”; Practice Q6)
- I can compare the ETC and chemiosmosis in respiration and photosynthesis. (Guide: “Respiration and photosynthesis compared”)
All ticked? Move on to Topic 4.1, Cell Communication, or return to the course roadmap.