New and emerging technologies (A Level) flashcards

Topic 13: New and emerging technologies

AR vs VR

Augmented reality adds computer images to a live view of the real world. Virtual reality replaces the real world with a fully computer-generated, immersive 3D environment.

Computer-assisted translation vs machine translation

In computer-assisted translation a human translates with software help (translation memory, terminology database). In machine translation the software translates on its own.

How does 3D printing make an object?

A CAD model is created or scanned; software slices it into thin layers; the printer deposits or hardens material one layer at a time; the object may then be finished.

How does an autonomous vehicle drive itself?

Sensors (cameras, radar, lidar, GPS) collect data; AI software identifies objects; the system decides speed and direction; actuators steer, brake and accelerate; the loop repeats many times a second.

Internet of Things vs wearable computing

The IoT is any everyday object with sensors and a network connection, such as a smart meter. Wearables are computing devices worn on the body. A connected smartwatch is both.

What is molecular data storage?

Data encoded in molecules, such as DNA base sequences. It has extreme density and a long life, but reading and writing are slow and expensive.

Name the five medical areas affected by new technologies on the 9626 syllabus

Patient care and monitoring, prosthetics, tissue engineering, artificial blood vessels, and medical tools and equipment.

Name the five environmental areas affected by new technologies

E-waste, recycling, power consumption, manufacturing processes, and energy from wireless signals.

How do new technologies affect power consumption?

AI data centres and some blockchains use a lot of energy, but smart IoT controls can save energy.