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AP® Physics 1: Algebra-Based · Unit 7 · Topic 7.1

Defining Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM): Topic Checklist (Physics 1 7.1)

Specific “I can…” statements for defining simple harmonic motion in the algebra-based course, each linked to the guide section and practice question that tests it.

Work through the list without notes. If you cannot do a statement, follow its link, then come back. Guide = study guide; Practice = practice questions.

Understanding

  • I can explain the difference between periodic motion and simple harmonic motion, with one example of each. (Guide: “SHM compared with other periodic motion”; Practice Q1, Q7)
  • I can define the equilibrium position as the place where the net force is zero, and locate it for a horizontal spring, a vertical spring and a pendulum. (Guide: “Equilibrium position and restoring force”)
  • I can explain what a restoring force is and why its direction depends on position, not on velocity. (Guide: “Equilibrium position and restoring force”; Practice Q2)
  • I can state the SHM condition: the restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium. (Guide: “The condition for SHM”; Practice Q1)

Skills

  • I can derive a = −(k/m)x from Hooke’s law and Newton’s second law, and use it to find an acceleration with its direction. (Guide: “The condition for SHM”; Practice Q2, Q3)
  • I can sketch F_net against x for an SHM system and for systems that are not SHM. (Guide: Figure 1; Practice Q5)
  • I can test force data for SHM by checking whether F/x is constant. (Guide: Worked example 1; Practice Q5)
  • I can find the equilibrium stretch of a vertical spring, d = mg/k, and the net force about it. (Guide: Worked example 2; Practice Q4)
  • I can calculate the restoring torque on a pendulum and compare mgℓ sin θ with mgℓθ, using radians. (Guide: Worked example 3; Practice Q6)

Reasoning

  • I can show that a vertical spring–mass system is SHM because F_net = −ky when y is measured from equilibrium. (Guide: Worked example 2)
  • I can justify, with numbers, why a pendulum is close to SHM only at small angles. (Guide: “The pendulum: a restoring torque”; Practice Q6)
  • I can evaluate a claim that a repeating motion is SHM by looking at how the force depends on displacement. (Practice Q5, Q7)

All ticked? Move on to Topic 7.2, Frequency and Period of SHM, or return to the course roadmap.

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